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RELIGION 120
 
DEATH AND DYING
Fall 2001
Professor's Name: Richard A. Hughes 
Office: AC D-321 
Office Hours: MWF 8:00-9:00 a.m., 10:15-11:20 a.m. 
Phone: (570) 321-4296 
E-mail: hughes@lycoming.edu
Texts       Schedule        Recommended Works 
Projects   Attendance   Religion Department Home Page 


 
What you are now, I once was  
And you will be what I am now  
Who speaks these verses is eaten by worms  
So will you be. 
                              A 16th Century Epitaph
 

I. Metaphors of Death in Western Cultures
   A. The Modern Denial of Death, WS 5, 1, 17
   B. Archaic Death Imagery, H 3:IV, V
   C. Memento Mori and the Plague, H 8:I, V, VI; WS 6, 7
   D. American Way of Death, WS 3, 4
   E. The Biblical Views of Death, H 7:I, V, VI

II. Metaphors of Fatal Illness
    A. Religious Images of Illness
        1. Demonic Invasion
        2. Punishment for Sin
        3. Plague Metaphor
   B. Attack Sickness, H I
   C. AIDS, WS 8, 9, 12
   D. Cancer, H 2:I, II

III. Understanding Dying Situations
     A. Speaking with the Dying Patient, WS 13, 15, 24; H 4:2, 3
     B. Theories of Psychosocial Staging, H Con:III-V
     C. The Terminal Phase, WS 2
     D. Pain Control and Hospice WS 16
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IV. The Near Death Experience
      A. Dying at Will H 4:VI
      B. Voodoo Death
      C. "Death-Bed Visions," H Intro, 4:I, IV, V
      D. The Otherworld Journey H 6, 8:II, III, IV
      E. Current NDE Models WS 41, 43

V. Euthanasia and the Definition of Death
    A. The Concept of Natural Death, WS 14, 30
         1. Definitions of Death
         2. Uniform Determination of Death Law
    B. Definition of Euthanasia and Medical Means, WS 29, 28, 27
        1. Arguments For and Against Assisted Suicide
        2. Assisted Suicide in the Law
        3. The Right to Refuse Treatment
        4. Current Legal Consensus
   C. Law and Religious Practice
        1. The Death of Children and Spiritual Healing
        2. Case Law on Religion--Related Child Death

VI. The Nature of Bereavement
      A. Mourning in the Bible, H 7:I-IV
      B. The Experience of Grief, WS 19-22, 25-26
      C. The Process of Grief Work
      D. The Varieties of Grief, WS 38-40
      E. The Symbolic Forms of Grief, H 5
      F. The Structure of Mourning Rituals, WS 10, 11, 18
          1. The Purpose of the Funeral
          2. The Role of Religious Mourning Practices

VII. The Meaning of Suicide
       A. Traditional Religious Views and Linguistic Evidence
       B. An Assessment of Modern Theories, WS 31-34
       C. Profiles of Completed and Nonfatal Suicides
       D. Ideation, Chronic and Focal Suicide
       E. Suicide Methods and the Types of Aggression
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Texts:  Hughes, The Radiant Shock of Death
                 Williamson and Shneidman, Death: Current Perspectives, 4th ed.  

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Recommended Works on Reserve, References and Websites:
Association for Death Eduction and Counseling Home Page:  http://www.adec.org.
Basford, Near-Death Experiences: Annotated Bibliography (ref.)
Benda, "Bereavement and Grief Work"
Bustard, "Suggestions to Those Who Plan My Funeral"
CHILD, Inc.:  http://www.childrenshealthcare.org
Gorer, Grief, Death, Mourning, "Appendix A"
Grollman, Concerning Death
Harvard Ad Hoc Committee, "A Definition of an Irreversible Coma"                   continued
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Hughes, "Bereavement and Pareschatology," "Psychological Perspectives on Infanticide
     in a Faith Healing Sect," "The Ambiguity of Organ Transplants," "On Aggression: The
     Szondian View," "Crossing the Boundaries of Life," "Ethical Problems in Living Will
     Legislation," "The Symbolism of the Bridge," "Lament, Death, Providence--A Pastoral Perspective"
Irion, Funeral: Vestige or Value?
_______, "Changing Patterns of Ritual Response to Death"
Lindemann, "Grief and Grief Management"
National Center for Health Statistics:  http://www.cdc.gov/nchs
"Natural Death Act," (Pa. H. B. #380; S. B. 210, S. B. 646, "Pennsylvania
     Declaration")  For "5 Wishes" see http://www.agingwithdignity.org
Noyes, "Depersonalization in the Face of Life-Threatening Danger"
Omega, Journal of Death and Dying (per. sec.)
Sato, "Death of Zen Masters"
Southard, Death and Dying (ref.)
Suicide Awareness/Voices of  Education:  http://www.save.org
Thanatolinks:  http://www.lsds.com/death
Vacco v. Quill (US, 1997)
Wahl, "Suicide as a Magical Act"
Weisman, "Denial as a Social Act," "Rick-Rescue Rating," "Predilection to Death"
Westberg, "The Crucial First Three Minutes in the Sick Room"
Wolfelt, "Loss, Transition, and Grief" 
Projects

A. A classroom test on Sections I-III.

B. A classroom test on Sections IV-V.

C. Complete one of the following projects by November 26, 2001.

1.  Present the complete plans for your funeral, (1) including all the burial arrangements, (2) detailed  liturgy, (3) post-funeral care, and (4) an explanation of the purpose of the funeral based upon theory (e.g. Irion, Grollman) and personal views. This exercise should be real and not simulated.

 2. A research paper on any topic with at least 10 pages. The paper may be based upon personal or clinical experiences, provided that readings be included and theory integrated.

D. A classroom final on Sections VI and VII. 
Attendance
There is no "cut" system, but reasonable attendance is required. Attendance patterns are considered in determining the grades of individual projects and the final grade. 
Questions or problems contact: hughes@lycoming.edu
URL:http://www.lycoming.edu/~hughes/120sylf1.html
Latest revision: July 17, 2001
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