| Mono |
What is Mono?
Infectious mononucleosis or mono is a viral infection frequently affecting adolescents and young adults. Mono is most commonly caused by a virus known as the Epstine-Barr virus (EBV).
What are the Symptoms?
Once a person becomes infected with the virus it can take 3-7 weeks for symptoms to begin. Some people may have no symptoms at all but most typically fatigue, fever, headache, muscle aches, sore throat and enlarged glands are experienced. If, after completing a health history and physical exam, a health care provider suspects mono a blood test will be done to confirm the diagnosis.
How is it Treated?
Medications:
Treatment for mono is aimed at alleviating symptoms. Since it is a viral illness antibiotics are NOT useful. If, however, a secondary infection develops, such as a strep throat or sinus infection, then antibiotics are needed. Tylenol or Advil may be used for fever, body aches or throat pain.
Activity:
Extra rest is highly recommended. Although the worst of the symptoms usually resolve in one to two weeks, it may take several weeks to months to fully recover. In the meantime, students may attend classes as tolerated. Contact sports are not recommended for 4-8 weeks since the virus can also affect the spleen causing it to become enlarged. If an enlarged spleen is hit or strained it could rupture causing severe bleeding. Additionally, mono may cause liver inflammation. It is, therefore, important NOT to drink alcohol since this could further damage the liver.
How Is It Spread?
Mono is usually spread through infected saliva which is why it is called "the Kissing disease". Although transmission probably requires repeated and prolonged contact with infected saliva, few people can identify their source of the infection. It's also important to realize that people with mono may continue to be infectious for many months even after recovery! So, the best way to prevent the spread of the virus is to not kiss or share food, drinks or eating utensils with an infected person. Once a person has been infected with the Epstein-Barr virus it stays in the body even after recovery and although that individual could develop mono again this is not common. |
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